Austen, Chuck. The Uncanny X-Men 414-432. New York: Marvel Comics, 2002-3. Julien, Isaac, and Kobena Mercer. "De Margin and De Centre." Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies. Eds. David Morley and Kuan-Hsing Chen. New York: Comedia, 1996. Lobdell, Scott. Alpha Flight 1.106. New York: Marvel Comics, 1992. McAllister, Matthew P. "Comic Books and AIDS." Journal of Popular Culture 26.2 (1992). Medhurst, Andy. "Batman, Deviance and Camp." The Many Lives of Batman: Critical Approaches to a Superhero and his Media. Eds. Roberta E. Pearson and William Uricchio. New York: Routledge, 1991. Morrison, Robbie. The Authority 2,1-7. La Jolla: Wildstorm Productions, 2003. Nyberg, Amy Kiste. Seal of Approval: The history of the Comics Code. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1998. Ross, Andrew. "Uses of Camp." No Respect: Intellectuals and Popular Culture. New York: Routledge, 1989. Wertham, Frederic. Seduction of the Innocent. Port Washington: Kennikat Press, 1972 (originally 1953).
'The comic book industry has attempted to develop a more culturally aware attitude
toward the representation of its super heroes in recent years. DC and Marvel have begun
producing comics with homosexuals as lead or supporting characters. Titles such as The
X-Men, The Authority, and the Rawhide Kid employ different strategies of incorporation
into the economically dominant superhero genre, including: tokenism, camp and radical
alternative. This paper traces the historical origin of superhero masculinity and
interrogates its reconstitution within a space that includes homosexuality'
'Apollo and Midnighter's relationship does not threaten the heteronormative tone of the book. However, the couple does succeed in opposing dominant understandings of masculinity, as well as offering an alternative to the stereotypes, such as Northstar. The gay superhero opens space for a plurality of masculinities and offers an alternative model to the dominant heterosexual superhero.'
Midnighter and Apollo are a gay married couple featured in the DC/Wildstorm title The Authority. Again, parental responsibility is central to their code of ethics as the two have an adopted daughter
The Psychology of Superheroes: An Unauthorized Exploration
“Where No X-Man Has Gone Before!” Mutant Superheroes and the Cultural Politics of Popular Fantasy in Postwar AmericaAmerican Literature June 2011 83(2): 355-388;
Film and Comic books
Film and Comic books
Gordon, I. (2007). Film and comic books. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.
Rebecca A. Demarest (2010) Superheroes, Superpowers, and Sexuality
'Superheroes have a strong influence in our society, and as such we should look at the messages that they represent. To this end, I have examined the sexuality and gender roles that superheroes suggest through their appearance, the way they are written about, they way that they talk, the distribution of superpowers, and their relationships. I surveyed 63 Willamette University and Skyview Junior High students about their favorite superheroes and their reasons for liking that particular hero to begin my analysis, and branched from there to texts written by the companies who own the superheroes and other anthropologists who have examined the role of heroes in our society.'
French, M. (2014). The surrounding storm: Constructing queerness through superhero fandom and socio-historical LGBT movements.
Mathew French, The Surrounding Storm: Constructing Queerness through Superhero Fandom and Socio-Historical LGBT Movements
LGBT Themes in Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror
Talks about the theories of LGBT in different contents as for example in mythology stories and how it has adapted and evolved with books and TV shows.
AN ANALYSIS OF EMBODIMENT AMONG SIX SUPERHEROES IN DC COMICS
This study analyzes the changes in physical presentation of several DC comic book superheroes, finding that the bodies of superheroes have become far more sexualized, exaggerated, and unrealistic in recent years. The comic reader’s “gaze” upon the bodies of the characters produces an intersection of spectacle and narrative that cannot be disconnected from both the physical body and the costume of the hero. Literature on the bodies of male and female bodybuilders reveals a connection to the hyper-embodiment of male and female superheroes, which represent the ego ideal of Western representations of “perfect” gendered bodies. The study concludes by asking if contemporary comic books must shift from the “Modern Age” to the “Postmodern Age” in order to break out of their practices of reaffirming gender binaries. The argument expands on work by Jean Baudrillard and Judith Butler.
The new mutants : superheroes and the radical imagination of American comics - Ramzi Fawaz - New York : New York University Press, 2015.
This is about the bad and goods of superheroes and what they represent in society and the book describes them as a good worthy increase in society to sexuality and race.
Trans Representations and Superhero Comics: A Conversation with Mey Rude, J. Skyler, and Rachel Stevens
Suzanne Scott, Ellen Kirkpatrick
2014 was a landmark one for discussions surrounding the (in)visibility of trans characters in comics, from the first transgender panel at San Diego Comic-Con International to the celebrations and controversy surrounding the introduction of trans characters in mainstream superhero comics like Batgirl (DC Comics, 2011–). To address the state of trans representations in superhero comics, we convened a roundtable of noted bloggers on this topic to discuss the past, present, and future(s) of trans comics characters. Mey Rude is a trans lesbian Latina, the trans editor at Autostraddle, and author of the weekly column “Drawn to Comics.” J. Skyler is a black trans woman and the LGBT visibility columnist for Comicosity. Rachel Stevens is a staff writer for Women Write about Comics and a white transgender lesbian.
Rebecca A. Demarest (2010) Superheroes, Superpowers, and Sexuality
'Superheroes have a strong influence in our society, and as such we should look at the messages that they represent. To this end, I have examined the sexuality and gender roles that superheroes suggest through their appearance, the way they are written about, they way that they talk, the distribution of superpowers, and their relationships. I surveyed 63 Willamette University and Skyview Junior High students about their favorite superheroes and their reasons for liking that particular hero to begin my analysis, and branched from there to texts written by the companies who own the superheroes and other anthropologists who have examined the role of heroes in our society.'
French, M. (2014). The surrounding storm: Constructing queerness through superhero fandom and socio-historical LGBT movements.
Mathew French, The Surrounding Storm: Constructing Queerness through Superhero Fandom and Socio-Historical LGBT Movements
LGBT Themes in Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror
Talks about the theories of LGBT in different contents as for example in mythology stories and how it has adapted and evolved with books and TV shows.
AN ANALYSIS OF EMBODIMENT AMONG SIX SUPERHEROES IN DC COMICS
This study analyzes the changes in physical presentation of several DC comic book superheroes, finding that the bodies of superheroes have become far more sexualized, exaggerated, and unrealistic in recent years. The comic reader’s “gaze” upon the bodies of the characters produces an intersection of spectacle and narrative that cannot be disconnected from both the physical body and the costume of the hero. Literature on the bodies of male and female bodybuilders reveals a connection to the hyper-embodiment of male and female superheroes, which represent the ego ideal of Western representations of “perfect” gendered bodies. The study concludes by asking if contemporary comic books must shift from the “Modern Age” to the “Postmodern Age” in order to break out of their practices of reaffirming gender binaries. The argument expands on work by Jean Baudrillard and Judith Butler.
The new mutants : superheroes and the radical imagination of American comics - Ramzi Fawaz - New York : New York University Press, 2015.
This is about the bad and goods of superheroes and what they represent in society and the book describes them as a good worthy increase in society to sexuality and race.
Trans Representations and Superhero Comics: A Conversation with Mey Rude, J. Skyler, and Rachel Stevens
Suzanne Scott, Ellen Kirkpatrick
2014 was a landmark one for discussions surrounding the (in)visibility of trans characters in comics, from the first transgender panel at San Diego Comic-Con International to the celebrations and controversy surrounding the introduction of trans characters in mainstream superhero comics like Batgirl (DC Comics, 2011–). To address the state of trans representations in superhero comics, we convened a roundtable of noted bloggers on this topic to discuss the past, present, and future(s) of trans comics characters. Mey Rude is a trans lesbian Latina, the trans editor at Autostraddle, and author of the weekly column “Drawn to Comics.” J. Skyler is a black trans woman and the LGBT visibility columnist for Comicosity. Rachel Stevens is a staff writer for Women Write about Comics and a white transgender lesbian.
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